Speed Issues: ISP throttling, router, or VPN?

I am using an Opal and am encountering an unusual issue and don’t know how to resolve it.

I use Proton VPN, free edition, on the router using wireguard. For large files, like 10 GB, I can download at around 20 MiB/s for about 20 minutes at most. After this, the download speed rapidly collapses to like 500 KiB/s which makes downloads impossible.

When I connect to a new VPN IP address, I don’t have this problem and it goes back up to 20 MiB/s.

I am not sure if this is the router overheating, a configuration issue, if Proton VPN free has speed caps and is the problem, or if my ISP is throttling me.

I am not sure how to test this, but one question is: Do VPNs ever slow down because the router is too hot or is overloaded?

In the CPU average load graph, it goes from 0 to 2, but I’ve sometimes seen it go up to 4 or 5. Is this 5%? Is this 500%?

Could this be happening because of the router? If not, do you have any suggestions? My ISP could be throttling me because it’s afraid I’m torrenting when I’m actually downloading large packages related to coding, but I don’t want my ISP inspecting all my data, it’s invasive.

Any suggestions on how to troubleshoot this? It’s become a big problem because there is a large file I need to use for coding something and I can’t download it because it keeps interrupting and it’s not something that’s easy to import or just restart the download.

There could be speed caps on your VPN, ISP, or the server you are trying to download the file from. Run a speedtest like fast.com or speed.cloudflare.com while you encounter those issues to check if it's the server you are downloading from (I bet!) or an issue with your connection in general.

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It was the VPN throttling me.